Aged Skills: Tiled Roof Hut
Description
Transcription
Infomation
Description
I built this tiled roof hut in the bush using only primitive tools and materials. The tools I used have been made in my previous videos. It should be pointed out that I do not live in the wild and that this is just a hobby. It should be obvious to most that this is not a survival shelter but an experiment in primitive building technology.
To cut and carve wood I used the celt stone axe and stone chisel made in this video. To carry water and make fire I used pots and fire sticks made in this video. Finally, to store fire wood and dry, unfired tiles, I used the wood shed built in this video.
The wooden frame was built with a 2X2m floor plan and a 2m tall ridge line with 1m tall side walls. 6 posts were put into the ground 0.25 m deep. The 3 horizontal roof beams were attached to these using mortise and tenon joints carved with a stone chisel. The rest of the frame was lashed together with lawyer cane strips. The frame swayed a little when pushed so later triangular bracing was added to stop this. Also when the mud wall was built, it enveloped the posts and stopped them moving altogether.
A small kiln was built of mud from the ground and a perforated floor of clay from the creek bank. It was only 25 cm internal diameter and 50 cm tall. Clay was dug, broken tiles (from previous batches) were crushed and added to it as grog and it was mixed thoroughly.This clay was pressed into rectangular moulds made from strips of lawyer cane to form tiles. Wood ash prevented the clay sticking to the stone. 20 tiles were fired at a time. 450 flat tiles and 15 curved ridge tiles were made with only a few breakages. 26 firings were done in all and the average firing took about 4 hours. The fired tiles were then hooked over the horizontal roof battens.
An underfloor heating system was built into one side of the hut to act as a sitting/sleeping platform in cold weather. This was inspired by the Korean Ondol or “hot stone”. A trench was dug and covered with flat stones with a firebox at one end and a chimney at the other for draft. The flames travelled beneath the floor heating it. After firing it for a while the stones stay warm all night with heat conducted directly to the sleeping occupant and radiating into the room.
The wall was made of clayey mud and stone. A stone footing was laid down and over this a wall of mud was built. To save on mud, stones were included into later wall courses. The mud was dug from a pit in front of the hut and left a large hole with a volume of about 2.5 cubic metres.
The finished hut has a swinging door made of sticks. The inside is dark so I made a torch from tree resin. A broken tile with resin on it acts as a small lamp producing a lot of light and little smoke. The end product was a solid little hut, that should be fire and rot resistant. The whole project took 102 days but would have taken 66 days were it not for unseasonal rain. For a more in depth description see my blog (https://primitivetechnology.wordpress.com/).
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Transcription
Making stone axe Cutting timber for hut Digging post holes Carving mortices in roof beams Fire hardening mortices with coals (strengthens mortices) Fitting mortices of beams on to posts Hammering beams in place Loya cane (a type of creeper) Putting on rafters.
Lashing to frame Making a kiln grate from clay Making holes to let the flames through Digging a trench for the kiln firebox Stone lintel for the firebox entry Mixing mud for kiln walls (just excavated dirt and water) Putting grate in place Building kiln wall Kiln draw a strong draft.
Digging clay from the creek bank next to hut Crushing dry lumps in clay Crushing up old pottery to add to new clay (strengthens it) Mixing clay Loya cane Splitting Cutting notches Folding along notches Tying with cane fiber.
Completed tile frame Sprinkle wood ash on stone (prevents clay sticking) Clay into tile frame Forming tile tab Tile left to dry Tile removed from frame Tiles stored in wood shed out of rain Tiles stacked into kiln 20 tiles.
Cover with broken tiles Firing begins When the tiles glow red hot they're ready The next day Putting tiles in place (they just sit on using their tabs, no pegs necessary) Tile tabs hooked over purlins Cross bracing Adding grate bars to the firebox (increases heat production several times) Starting fire with handrill.
Making curved cap tiles (normal tiles without tabs folded over a log) A tile goes on one side Then another from the other side covers the tile just put in place Finally, the cap tile covers the vertical gap between tiles Stone footing for wall (prevents rising damp) Digging underfloor heating system Covering with flat stones Sealing with mud Fire at the front moves under stones.
Chimney added at back to enhance draft Heated platform is warm and makes a good bed Building mud wall Digging soil for mud Stones added to wall to save on mud Chimney protected from rain by tiles Wooden lintel forms top of door way Split timber door Hole for door hinge.
Putting door in place Doorstep of mud Finishing gables Completed hut Tree resin Resin used as torch Resin on tile as a lamp
Infomation
Author: Author Link: Youtube Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P73REgj-3UE Category: Channel Name: Primitive Technology Channel ID: 22 Tags: primitive,tiled,roof,Primitive technology,Roof tile,Tiled roof hut,Ondol,Underfloor heating,Wood fired kiln,Stone axe,Mud wall,Clay wall,Cob wall,Earth building,Stone age,pt,
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7 thoughts on “Aged Skills: Tiled Roof Hut”
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